Biopolym. Cell. 1987; 3(4):208-214.
http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/bc.0001F1
Cell Biology
Spatial separation of parent genomes in hybrids of the somatic plant cells
1Parokonny A. S., 1Momot V. P., 1Kotov V. N., 1Gleba Yu. Yu.
  1. N. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR
    Kiev, USSR

Abstract

Spatial arrangement of chromosomes in metaphase nuclei of somatic cells hybrids Nicotiana chinensis + Atropa belladonna has been studied. It is found that during the first divison, chromosomes of two parents are not randomly intermixed in metaphase plate, but they are grouped in segments, each containing predominantly chromosomes of one parent. Spatial separation of parental genomes is retained during the long-term (6–48 months) cultivation of hybrid cells, although topology of separation changes from «segment» to «radial» (chromosomes of one species being in the center and those of another occupying periphery of the metaphase plate). Analysis of cells grown for 6 days in the presence of colchicine (100, 300 and 1000 ng/ml) and then cultivated for 1–7 months in the colchicine-free medium has revealed that colchicine induces disorders in chromosome spatial positions, and that these alterations are heritable. Therefore, the phenomena studied are, probably, of epigenetic nature. Possibilities of using somatic cells hybrids as a model for analyzing the mechanisms of mitosis are discussed.
Full text: (PDF, in Russian)

References

[1] Costello DP. Identical linear order of chromosomes in both gametes of the acoel turbellarian Polychoerus carmelensis: a preliminary note. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970;67(4):1951-8.
[2] Finch RA, Smith JB, Bennett MD. Hordeum and Secale mitotic genomes lie apart in a hybrid. J Cell Sci. 1981;52:391-403.
[3] Kao KN, Constabel F, Michayluk MR, Gamborg OL. Plant protoplast fusion and growth of intergeneric hybrid cells. Planta. 1974;120(3):215-27.
[4] Kao K N. Chromosomal behaviour in somatic hybrids of soybean-Nicotiana glauca. Mol Gen Genet. 1977; 150(3):225-230.
[5] Constabel F, Weber G, Kirkpatrick Jw. Sur la compatibilite des chromosomes dans les hybrides intergeneriques de cellules de Glycine max x Vicia hajastana. C R Acad sci. 1977; 285(3):319-22.
[6] Chien YC, Kao KN, Wetter LR. Chromosomal and isozyme studies of Nicotiana tabacum - Glycine max hybrid cell lines. Theor Appl Genet. 1982;62(4):301-4.
[7] Gleba YY, Hoffman F. Hybrid cell lines Arabidopsis thaliana + Brassica campestris: No evidence for specific chromosome elimination. Mol Gen Genet. 1978; 165(1):257-64.
[8] Gleba YY, Hoffmann F. "Arabidobrassica": plant-genome engineering by protoplast fusion. Naturwissenschaften. 1979; 66()3:547-554.
[9] Gleba YY, Momot VP, Cherep NN, Skarzynskaya MV. Intertribal hybrid cell lines of Atropa belladonna (X) Nicotiana chinensis obtained by cloning individual protoplast fusion products. Theor Appl Genet. 1982;62(1):75-9.
[10] Krumbiegel G, Schieder O. Selection of somatic hybrids after fusion of protoplasts from Datura innoxia Mill. and Atropa belladonna L. Planta. 1979;145(4):371-5.
[11] Gleba YY, Momot VP, Okolot AN, Cherep NN, Skarzhynskaya MV, Kotov V. Genetic processes in intergeneric cell hybrids Atropa + Nicotiana : 1. Genetic constitution of cells of different clonal origin grown in vitro. Theor Appl Genet. 1983;65(4):269-76.
[12] Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K. Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp Cell Res. 1968;50(1):151-8.
[13] Menczel L, Nagy F, Kiss ZR, Maliga P. Streptomycin resistant and sensitive somatic hybrids of Nicotiana tabacum + Nicotiana knightiana: correlation of resistance to N. tabacum plastids. Theor Appl Genet. 1981;59(3):191-5.
[14] Cramer H. Mathematical Methods of Statistics. M. : Mir, 1975. 648 p.
[15] Constabel F, Dudits D, Gamborg OL, Kao KN. Nuclear fusion in intergeneric heterokaryons. A note. Can J Bot. 1975; 53(10):2092-5.