Biopolym. Cell. 2009; 25(2):150-166.
Discussions
Biopolymers and cells in dimension of microbial community architecture. 1. Fenomenology
1Kordium V. A., 1Shpylova S. P., 1Moshynets E. V., 2Adamchuck-Chala N. I., 1Irodov D. M., 1Andrienko V. I.
  1. Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine
    150, Akademika Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv, Ukraine, 03680
  2. M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine
    2, Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine, 01601

Abstract

A current conception of microbial communities and state of cells and polymers in them has been changing fast. The qualitatively new research area is developing swiftly together with traditional knowledge. This new area is connected with revealing auto-multiplicating objects of non-viral origin in natural substrata and living organisms whose size is less than theoretically possible minimal cell. In this review the researcmicrobial communitiesh results in both traditional and new arias are analyzed.
Keywords: microorganisms, microbial communities, nanobacteria, soil

References

[1] Sherr E. B. And now, small is plentiful Nature 1989 340, N 6233:429.
[2] Weiss R. Aquatic viruses unexpectedly abundant Sci. News 1989 136, N 7:100.
[3] Walsby A. E. A square bacterium Nature 1980 283, N 5742:69–71.
[4] Stoeckenius W. Walsby's square bacterium: fine structure of an orthogcral prokaryote J. Bacteriol 1981 148, N 1:352–360.
[5] Japan finds first triangual bacterium. New Sci. 1986; 111(1519):25.
[6] Vasilyeva L. V. New unusual bacteria with radial symmetry Perspect. Microbiol. Ecol. Proc. 4th Int. Symp. (Ljubljana, 24–29 Aug., 1986) Ljubljana, 1986:147–152.
[7] Evtushenko L. I., Tartykova S. D., Akimov V. N., Semyonova S. A., Kalakoutskii L. V. Glycomyces tenuis sp. Nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1991 41(1):154–157.
[8] Kaszubiak H., Muszynska M. Bacterial number and biomass in a meadow ecosystem Zbl. Microbiol 1987 142, N 8:559–568.
[9] Velimirov B. Nanobacteria, ultramicrobacteria and starvation forms: a search of the smallest metabolizing bacterium. Microbes and Environments. 2001; 16(2):67–77.
[10] Kordium V., Moshynets E., Tsapenko M., Adamchuck-Chala N., Irodov D., Andrienko V. Rhizosphere microorganisms – total monitoring. Soil Sci. 2008; 9, N 1–2:53–63.
[11] Metzber D. E. Biochemistry New York etc.: Harcourt/Acad. press, 2001 Vol. 1 937 p.
[12] Morowitz H. J. The completeness of molecular biology. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 1984 ;20(9):750–753.
[13] Fraser C. M., Gocayne J. D., White O., Adams M. D., Clayton R. A., Fleischmann R. D., Bult C. J., Kerlavage A. R., Sutton G., Kelley J. M., Fritchman J. L., Weidman J. F., Small K. V., Sandusky M., Fuhrmann J., Nguyen D., Utterback T. R., Saudek D. M., Phillips Ch. A., Merrick J. M., Tomb J.-F., Dougherty B. A., Bott K. F., Hu P.-Ch., Lucier Th. S. The minimal gene complement of Mycoplasma genitalium Science 1995 270, N 5235:397–403.
[14] Mushegian A. R., Koorin E. V. A minimal gene set for cellular life derived by comparison of complete bacterial genomes Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 1996 93, N 19:10268–10273.
[15] Gonzalez-Lopez J., Vela R. The physical limit of small living things. Tex. J. Sci. 1982; 34(3–4):264–265.
[16] Wen Y., Li Y. G., Yang Z. L., Wang X. J., Wei H., Liu W., Miao X. Y., Wang Q. W., Huang S. F., Yang J., Kajander E. O., Ciftcioglu N. Detection of nanobacteria in serum, bile and gallbladder mucosa of patients with cholecystolithiasis Chin. Med. J 2005 118, N 5:421–424.
[17] Wood H. M., Shoskes D. A. The role of nanobacteria in urologic disease World J. Urol 2006 24, N 1:51–54.
[18] Agabobav R. M., Abashina T. N., Suzina N. E., Vainshtein M. B., Schwartsburd P. M. Link between the early calcium deposition in placenta and nanobacteria-like infection J. Biosci 2007 32, N 6:1163–1168.
[19] Jelic T. M., Chang H. H., Roque R., Malas A. M., Warren S. G., Sommer A. P. Nanobacteria-associated calcific aortic valve stenosis. J. Heart Valve Dis. 2007; 16(1):101–105.
[20] Bratos-Rezez M. A., Sanchez P. L., Garcia de Cruz S., Villacorta E., Palacios I. F., Fernandez-Fernandez J. M., Di Stefano S., Orduna-Domingo A., Carrascal Y., Mota P., MartinLuengo C., Bermejo J., san Roman J. A., Rodriguez-Torres A., Fernandez-Aviles F. Association between self-replicating calcifying nanoparticles and aortic stenosis: a possible link to valve calsification Eur. Heart J 2008 29, N 3:371– 376.
[21] Puskas L. G., Tiszlavicz L., Razga Z., Torday L. L., Krenacs T., Papp J. G. Detection of nanobacteria-like particle in human arterosclerotic plaques Acta Biol. Hung 2005 56, N 3/4:233–245.
[22] Sommer A. P., Miyake N., Wickramasinghe N. C., Narlikar J. V., Al-Mufti S. Functions and possible provenance of primordial proteins J. Proteome Res 2004 3, N 6:1296– 1299.
[23] Sommer A. P., Wickramasinghe, N. C. Functions and possible provenance of primordial proteins. Part II. Microorganisms aggregation in clouds triggered by climate change J. Proteome Res 2005 4, N 1:180–184.
[24] Urbano P., Urbano F. Nanobacteria: facts or fancies? PLOS Pathol 2007 3, N 5:0567–0570.
[25] Soina V. S., Mulynkin A. D., Demkina E. V., Vorobyova E. A., El-Registon G. J. The structure of resting bacterial populations in subsoil permafrost Astrobiology 2004 4, N 3:345–358.
[26] Huber H., Hohu M. S., Rachel R., Fuchs T., Wimmer V. C., Stetter K. O. A new phylum of Archea represented by a nanosized hyperthermophilic symbiont Nature 2002 417, N 6884:63–67.
[27] Ciftcioglu N., Kajander E. O. Interaction of nanobacteria with cultured mammalian cells Pathophysiology 1998 4:259–270.
[28] Hjelle J. T., Miller-Hjelle M. A., Poxton J. R. Endotoxin and nanobacteria in polycystic kidney disease Kidney Int 2000 57, N 6:2360–2374.
[29] Maniscalco B. S., Taylor K. A. Calcification in coronary artery disease can be reversed by EDTA-tetracycline long-term chemotherapy Pathology 2004 11, N 2:95–101.
[30] Kajander E. O., Ciftcioglu N. Nanobacteria: an alternative mechanism for pathogenic intraand extracellular calcification and stone formation Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1998 95, N 14:8274–8279.
[31] Cirtcioglu N., Haddad R. S., Golden D. C., Mirrison D. R., McKay D. S. A potential cause for kidney stone formation during space flight: enhanced growth of nanobacteria in microgravity Kidney Int 2005 67, N 2:483–491.
[32] Vanstein M., Kudrjashova E. About nanobacteria Mikrobiologiia. 2000; 69(2):163–174.
[33] Martel J., Ding-Youn J. D.-E. Purported nanobacteria in human blood as carbonate nanoparticles Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 2008 105, N 14:5549–5554.
[34] Cisar J. O., Thompson S., Swaim W., Hu J., Kopecko D. J. An alternative interpretation of nanobacteria-induced biomineralization Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 2000 97, N 21:11511–11515.
[35] Benzerara K., Miller V. M., Barell G., Kumar V., Miot J., Brown G. E., Sieske J. C. Search for microbial signatures within human and microbial calcifications using soft X-ray spectromicroscopy J. Invest. Med 2006 54, N 7:367–379.