Biopolym. Cell. 2005; 21(2):107-133.
http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/bc.0006E2
Reviews
Genetic and epigenetic control of plant growth and development. Genes of auxin biosynthesis and auxin-regulated genes controlling plant cell division and extension
1Tsygankova V. A., 1Galkina L. A., 2Musatenko L. I., 2Sytnik K. M.
  1. Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine
    1, Murmans'ka Str., Kyiv, Ukraine, 02094
  2. M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine
    2, Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine, 01601

Abstract

In the review a spectrum of enzymes' genes determining different ways of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis identified at Arabidopsis is given: the TRP1 gene of antranilat phosphoribosyttransferase I, TRP3 gene of tryptophane synthase and family NIT genes of nitrilase, catalysing tryptophane-independent way of IAA biosynthesis from precursor indole-3-acetonitrile; CYP79B and CYP83BI genes (members of family cytochromes P450 genes), controlling IAA biosynthesis from tryptophane; the enzymes' genes, catalysing of the IAA biosynthesis from indole-3-butyric acid: the PXAl and PEX14 genes of peroxisomal membrane proteins – the ABC-ATPas family members, the PEX5 and PEX7 genes of cytoplasmic protein receptors, genes of peroxisomal matrix proteinsenzymes (acx3 gene of acyl-CoA oxidase, aiml gene of multifun­ctional protein and pedl gene of thiolase); enzymes' genes cata­lysing synthesis of lAA-conjugates and their hydrolysis – the genes of IAGLc synthase, IAInos transferase, serin carboxypeptidase-like lAInos acyltransferase and IAR3 gene of lAA-Ala hydrolase. The nomenclature and classification of the auxin-regulated genes res­ponsible for the cell division are presented: cyclin genes and activated by them cyclin-dependent protein kinases, as well as genes of numerous family of mitogen-activated protein kinases. The auxin-induced genes of enzymes participating in biosynthesis and hydrolysis of polysaccharides components of plant cell walls in the period of their growth by extension are considered in detail: the EI gene of endo-1,3:1,4-β-D-glucanase and EXOII gene of exo-β-D-glucanase, numerous families XET genes of xyloglucan endotransglycosylases, ZeEXP genes of expansins, AtFUT genes of xyloglucan-specific β-1,6- and β-1,2-fucosy[transferases and glycosyltransferases, CSL genes of xyloglucan gtucan synthases and β-1,4-mannan synthases, MUR genes xyloglucan galactosyltransferases as well as AtXTl gene and homologous AIOT2-7 genes xyloglucan xylosyltransferases at Arabidopsis; the XS1 gene of xylansynthase at rice, and also GS1 gene of glucansynthase at corn. A possible role of cell wall protein — extensin (encoded by the auxin-regulated HRGP gene) in the plants defence from pathogens and unfavourable factors of external environment is discussed
Keywords: genes of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis, auxin-regulated genes, cell division and ex­tension
Full text: (PDF, in Russian)

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